Posted by: 90sRetroFan
« on: April 16, 2024, 09:53:45 pm »If jury trials were not in use in the first place, all this could be avoided:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a-tGFvrNZhc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a-tGFvrNZhc
Pagan-Wing
@Times4India
Vishwaguru is probably the only spineless country in the whole map. Without either a moral principle or might of State. Just the lengthiest document for peak virtue signalling.QuoteRavi Kant 🪔
@Ravi3pathi
Should #polygamy be legal?
Although there is some evidence that some form of patent rights was recognized in Ancient Greece in the Greek city of Sybaris,[9][10] the first statutory patent system is generally regarded to be the Venetian Patent Statute of 1474. However, recent historical research has suggested that the Venetian Patent Statute of 1474 was inspired by laws in the Kingdom of Jerusalem that granted monopolies to developers of novel silk-making techniques.[11] Patents were systematically granted in Venice as of 1474, where they issued a decree by which new and inventive devices had to be communicated to the Republic in order to obtain legal protection against potential infringers. The period of protection was 10 years.[12] As Venetians emigrated, they sought similar patent protection in their new homes. This led to the diffusion of patent systems to other countries.[13]
The English patent system evolved from its early medieval origins into the first modern patent system that recognised intellectual property in order to stimulate invention; this was the crucial legal foundation upon which the Industrial Revolution could emerge and flourish.[14]
QuoteIn an extraordinary and rare move, a New York judge found that Donald Trump committed fraud without even needing a trial and a jury to weigh in on the evidence.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnNG5CuvcvQ&t=90s
A summary judgment motion is a way of avoiding trial on issues that are so factually clear that they don't deserve to be determined by a jury because the facts are such that no reasonable jury needs to consider them. The burden of proof is always on the party bringing the motion, in this case the State of New York. ANY doubts of significant fact means that the motion MUST be denied. Any uncertainties of fact are construed against the moving party and in favor of the non-moving party. What that means in this case is that this judge determined that the facts were so clear that Trump committed fraud that no reasonable jury could find otherwise and no trial on that issue was necessary. In cases like this, that is an incredible ruling and NO JUDGE would have done it absent evidence which was just plain overwhelming. Summary judgment is not granted lightly because all benefit of doubt goes to the defendant. This result speaks volumes about the audacity of Trump's business conduct.
The modern jury evolved out of the ancient custom of many ancient Germanic tribes whereby a group of men of good character was used to investigate crimes and judge the accused. The same custom evolved into the vehmic court system in medieval Germany. In Anglo-Saxon England, juries investigated crimes. After the Norman Conquest, some parts of the country preserved juries as the means of investigating crimes. The use of ordinary members of the community to consider crimes was unusual in ancient cultures, but was nonetheless also found in ancient Greece.
The modern jury trial evolved out of this custom in the mid-12th century during the reign of Henry II.[5] Juries, usually 6 or 12 men, were an "ancient institution" even then in some parts of England
Te Pāti Māori is challenging Labour to abolish prisons by 2040 and introduce a tikanga-based justice system to address the enormous inequities facing this country’s indigenous peoples.
Co-leader Rawiri Waititi launched what he called a “revolutionary plan to reform the justice system in Aotearoa” that would tackle the institutional racism that has “traumatised and failed Māori communities at every level”.
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“We are asserting our tino rangatiratanga to oversee our own tikanga-based models of restorative justice.”
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Te Pāti Māori is also pledging to reform drug laws to treat drug use as a health issue, not a criminal one, and to wipe criminal convictions for drug use and possession.
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The most likely governing scenario for Te Pāti Māori would be to work with Labour and the Greens, if they gain enough support after the election, with National ruling out working with them.
“Our tipuna did not sign Te Tiriti o Waitangi for whānau to be in care, incarcerated, and continually traumatised. The time for change is well overdue. This is a by Māori, for Māori, according to Māori solution and we will not compromise.”
the colonial government confiscating tracts of Māori land as punishment for what were called "rebellions". Pākehā (European) settlers would occupy the confiscated land.[74] Several minor conflicts also arose after the wars, including the incident at Parihaka in 1881 and the Dog Tax War from 1897 to 1898. The Native Land Court was also established to transfer Māori land from communal ownership into individual title as a means to assimilation and to facilitate greater sales to European settlers.[75]
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From the late 19th to the mid-20th century various laws, policies, and practices were instituted in New Zealand society with the effect of inducing Māori to conform to Pākehā norms; notable among these are the Tohunga Suppression Act 1907 and the suppression of the Māori language by schools,[77] often enforced with corporal punishment.[78]
THE HAGUE, Netherlands (AP) — Dutch prosecutors demanded a 12-year prison sentence Tuesday for a former Pakistani cricketer accused of incitement to murder firebrand anti-Islam lawmaker Geert Wilders.
The suspect, identified by Wilders as Khalid Latif, is accused of offering a bounty of some 21,000 euros ($23,000) to anybody who killed Wilders.
Latif did not appear in the high-security courtroom near Amsterdam’s Schiphol Airport for the trial. He is believed to be in Pakistan.
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The prosecution office said that killing Wilders would not just have “caused unbearable pain to his loved ones. It would also have been an attack on the rule of law itself.”
Wilders said in court that a conviction would send a “powerful signal to all other others who issue threats: we won’t accept it.”
And in comments he addressed directly to Latif, he added: “As long as I’m living and breathing, you won’t stop me. Your call to kill me and pay money for it is abject and will not silence me.”
An international warrant has been issued for Latif’s arrest. Dutch prosecutors said they had been trying to contact him since 2018, first as a witness and then to answer the charges. However, they said they hadn’t received any reply from the Pakistani authorities.
India’s government has moved three bills in the lower house of parliament aimed at overhauling some colonial-era criminal laws, ranging from the controversial sedition law to strengthening laws that protect women and minors.
On the last day of the monsoon session of the parliament on Friday, federal Home Minister Amit Shah presented bills to repeal and replace the Indian Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure, and the Indian Evidence Act, many implemented by the British before the country’s independence in 1947.
The new legislation “will aim to give justice, not punishment,” said Shah, adding that the overhaul was imperative as the colonial laws have been at the core of the criminal justice system for over a century.
The bill seeks to replace the colonial-era sedition law which was mainly used against Indian political leaders seeking independence from British rule.
However, in modern India, it has frequently been used since 1947 as a tool of suppression by successive democratically elected governments to intimidate people who protest against authority. The bill seeks to replace it with a section on acts seen as endangering the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
In education-obsessed South Korea, where children can spend up to 16 hours a day studying at schools and in private academies, bullying is widespread, experts say, despite official efforts to stamp it out.
The problem, activists say, is that bullying often goes unpunished in real-time at schools, and the statute of limitations on such crimes makes it hard for victims to bring charges years later.
Pyo said she suffered from years of insomnia and depression as a result of her treatment at school, before deciding to stop hiding and go public with her accusations -- resulting in one of her bullies being fired from their job.
But Pyo is lobbying for real legal change, demanding South Korea suspend the statute of limitations affecting school violence and change the defamation law to better protect victims.
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Pyo and other victims say South Korea should remove the statute of limitations on school violence so bullies can be held accountable even decades later.
In Classical Athens, a five-year statute of limitations was established for almost all cases, exceptions being such as the prosecution of non-constitutional laws (which had no limitation). Demosthenes wrote that these statutes of limitations were adopted to control "sycophants" (professional accusers).[8]
A statute of limitations, known in civil law systems as a prescriptive period, is a law passed by a legislative body to set the maximum time after an event within which legal proceedings may be initiated.[1][2]
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In civil law systems, such provisions are typically part of their civil and criminal codes.
Civil law is a legal system originating in mainland Europe and adopted in much of the world.
But there are huge practical issues with legally punishing adults for crimes committed as a juvenile, Noh said, which could give people lasting criminal records for teenage misdeeds.
We've entered a new era, the Imagination Age, so why are we still schooling kids like we did in the 19th Century?
Enclosing children in increasingly restrictive schooling environments for most of their formative years, and drilling them with a standardized, test-driven curriculum is woefully inadequate for the Imagination Age.
65 percent of children now entering elementary school will work at jobs in the future that have not yet been invented.
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While the past belonged to assembly line workers, the future belongs to creative thinkers, experimental doers, and inventive makers.
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coercive schooling structure that values conformity over creativity, compliance over-exuberance.
She is also the author of Unschooled: Raising Curious, Well-Educated Children Outside the Conventional Classroom